Aceraceae - Maple Family
Acer glabrum Torr. Rocky Mountain Maple	medicine (seed, bark) food (young shoot, cambium)	-	ravines on buttes	common in scattered patches	{Bauer, 6; Harrington, 344}
Acer negundo L. Box elder	food (sap) medicine (smoke) fuel (wood)	+ do'yas'his {DG}	near cultivated areas	not common	{Harrington, 344; Hart, 4}
Alismataceae- Water Plantain Family
Alisma grameneum Gmel. Water plantain	food (root)	-	recorded from sinks area	not seen in recent years	Related genus (Sagittaria) has species with large, starchy, edible tubers called "wapato" by "the Indians."  This genus, however, has fibrous roots.  {Hitchcock & Cronquist, 558)
Amaranthacea - Amaranth Family
Amaranthus spp. Redroot, Amaranths, Pigweed	foot (leaf, seed)	-	disturbed areas throughout INEEL	common, abundant	Some species were actually cultivated among Nevada Northern Paiute. {Fowler, 69; Harrington, 55; Steward 21}
Anacardiaceae - Sumac Family
Rhus trilobata Nutt. Squawbush, Skunkbush	food (berry medicine (leaf, root?, flower, bark) manufacture (bark)	-	on buttes and along Big Lost River	scattered but common	{Fowlder, 70; Harrington, 260; Hart, 55 (R. glabra); Vogel, 362}
Apiaceae -Parsley Family
Cymopterus spp. Biscuit-root, Cymopterus	food (root, steam, leaf)	-	throughout INEEL	common	{Fowler, 70; Harrington, 171}
Lomatium spp. Desert parsley, Lomatium	medicine (root, leaf?) food (root)	+ (do tsa s&b)	scattered over site	common	Native term refers to L. dissectum, Fern-leaved desert-parsley.  L. cous root (called xawsh by natives) was a documented and important food among N. Shoshone and neighbors (traded it with Lewis and Clark), but it is not found on the INEEL.  Another important food species included in this family, but not found on the INEEL, is Perideridia gairdneri ("yampa").  Root of L. foeniculaceum and L. triternatum used; root of L. dissctum is edible, but bitter.  {Craighead, 127; Fowler, 70; Hart, 26; Moore 1993; 167}
Osmorhiza spp. Sweet cicely	food (seed, root) medicine (root, leaf, seed)	-	Webb Springs	common in patches	{Harrington, 363; Moore 1993: 236; Vogel, 129, 193}
Apocynaceae - Dogbane Family
Apocynum cannabinum L. Indian hemp, Dogbane	cordage (stem) medicine (root, milky juice, leaf for smoking)	+ (tsitogis)? {DG}	Big Lost River diversion dam	one large patch	{Harrington, 16; Hart, 12; Moore, 1993:292; Steward, 313; Vogel, 305}
Asclepiadaceae - MIlkweed Family
Asclepias speciosa Torr. Showy milkweed	food (young seed pod) manufacture (outer stem)	+ (pe ze beh ehb)	along roadsides	scattered, not common	{Harrington, 113; Hart, 66; Steward, 310; Vogel, 322}
Asteraceae-Sunflower Family
Achillea millefolium L. Common Yarrow	medicine (leaf, flower)	-	disturbed areas, roadsides	common	{Moore 1993:272; Steward, 310; Vogel, 383}
Agoseris glauca (Pursh) Raf. False dandelion	food (leaf) medicine (milky juice)	-	scattered throughout INEEL	common	A. aurantiaca and A. retrorsa {Fowler, 71}
Ambrosia acanthicarpa Hook. Ragweed	medicine (leaf)	-	Big Lost River, Spreading area	patchy but common	{Moore 1993: 291; Vogel, 190}
Antennaria spp. Pussy-toes	medicine (steam, leaf)	-	throughout INEEL	abundant	{Craighead, 189; Moore 1993: 197}
I Arctium minus (Hill) Bernh. Common burdock	medicine (leaf, flower) food (young leaf, stem, root)	?	disturbed areas, Big Southern Butte	not common	Was probably intentionally introduced with Euroamerican immigration into the area (by ca. 1900).  Modern usage common.  {Craighead, 190; Harrington, 156; Mack, 203; Moore 1993:43; Vogel, 272}
Arnica cordifolia Hook. Heart-leaved arnica	medicine (leaf, root, flower)	-	buttes and surrounding foothills	common where found	{Craighead, 191; Moore 1993: 46; Vogel, 261}
Artemisia spp. Sagebrush, Sage	medicine (leaf) cordage (bark) clothing (bark, leaf) shelter (plant) fuel (trunk) dye (leaf) food (seed)	+ (bohoo'bis) {DG} (sawah'beb)	throughout INEEL	common, abundant	Native names seem to refer to A. tridentata only, which was and is extensively used in medicine and manufacture (not for food, according to Steward).  {Craighead, 193; Fowler, 71; Hart, 44; Moore 1993: 162; Steward, 21-2, 310, 312; Vogel, 383}
Aster spp. Aster	medicine (root) food (?) (seed)	-	Big Lost River and edges of INEEL	common, scattered	{Steward, 22, 310}
Balsamorhiza spp. Balsamroot	food (seed, stem, root) medicine (leaf, root)	+ (ak'eh s&b)	around buttes	common where found	Native term was also used for sunflowers (or sunflower seeds) in general.  Medicinal applications complementary to those of Lomatium. {Craighead, 196; Hart, 20; Moore 1993:55; Steward, 22}
Bidens cernua L. Nodding beggar-ticks	medicine (leaf, flower)	-	spreading area, Big Lost River	not common	{Craighead, 196; Moore 1993: 68}
Chaenactis douglasii (Hook) H & A Hoary false-yarrow	medicine (leaf, root)	?	throughout INEEL	common, abundant	Documented use among Great Basin groups. {Chamberlin, 365; Steward, 310}
Chrysothamnus spp. Rabbit-brush	medicine (plant, root) gum (bark of lower stem, root)	+ (pasawitumb's) (donoobis) {DG)	throughout INEEL	common, abundant	Term collected by Steward from Nevada Shoshones, apparently refers to species in general.  He also collected several other terms from other groups, referring to particular species not found here.  {Steward, 23, 311}
Cirsium spp. Thistle	food (stem, root)	+tsin', tsinambogos)	scattered thoughout INEEL	relatively common, scattered	Term collected by Steward from Lemhi Shoshone for some thistles whose roots they baked overnight for drying or storing. {Craighead, 201; Fowler, 71; Harrington, 166; Hart, 13; Steward, 22}
Crepis spp. Hawksbeard	food (leaf)	-	throughout INEEL	common, abundant	{Fowler, 71; Steward, 24)
Erigeron spp. Fleabane, Daisy	medicine (root, leaf, flower) arrow tip poison (root)	-	throughout INEEL	common to abundant	{Chamberlin, 368; Steward, 311; Vogel, 291}
IGrindelia squarrosa (Pursh) Dunal Gumweed	medicine (flower, leaf)	+ (oakaps)	disturbed areas, roadsides	common	Native of the Great Plains, introduced to this region perhaps via trade among Plains, Plateau and Basin tribes. {Hart, 32; Moore 1993: 298; Steward, 311; Vogel 299}
Gutierrezia sarothrae (Pursh) Britt. and Rusby Matchbrush	medicine (flowering stem)	-	rocky outcrops	common	{Moore 1993: 299}
Haplopappus spp. Goldenweed, Strawflower	food (seed)	-	buttes and surrounding foothills	patchy, common	Fowler documents use of a related species (H macronema) among southern Great Basin groups. {Fowler, 71}
Helenium autumnale L. Sneezeweed	medicine (flower)	-	Big Lost River area	scattered patches	{Moore 1993: 281; Vogel, 223)
I Helianthus spp. Sunflower	medicine (root) food (seed)	+ (ak' s&b)	roadsides	common	Lemhi and Snake R. Shoshone distinguished among at least five different species (or types) of sunflower, all of which were referred to by adding a descriptive to "ak" (i.e., buhak', biak, pa'ak, kusiak).  The term ak' was also used to refer Balsamorhiza spp. {Craighead, 216; Fowler, 71;  Harrington, 312; Hart, 30; Steward,25,311}
Iva spp. Poverty-weed, Tall marsh elder	food (seed)	-	disturbed areas through INEEL	common	Seeds of various marsh elder species have been found extensively in archaeological sites from the east and midwest.  However, they seem to have been replaced by sunflower, whose seeds are easier to process and procure oil from. {Kindscher, 138}
I+NLactuca spp. Prickly lettuce, Blue lettuce	food (leaf) medicine (root, juice, leaf)	-	throughout INEEL	common, abundant	{Craighead, 221; Fowler, 71; Harrington, 134; Moore 1993: 300; Vogel, 378)
Lygodesmia spp. Skeleton weed	food (leaf, seed) gum (milky juice)	-	scattered throughout INEEL	patchy, common when found	{Craighead, 332; Fowler, 71; Hart, 27}
Microseris spp. False agoseris	food (seed)	-	buttes, surrounding foothills	not common	{Fowler, 71}
Senecio spp. Groundsel, Butterweed	medicine (root) gum (root)	-	throughout INEEL	common	{Bauer, 30; Craighead, 223; Moore 1993: 357; Vogel, 361}
Solidago missouriensis Nutt. Goldenrod	medicine (root, plant, flower)	-	Big Lost River	scattered, not common	{Craighead, 225; Vogel, 298)
Sonchus asper (L.) Hill Sow Thistle	food (leaf, shoot)	-	Webb Springs	not common	{Craighead, 225; Harrington, 149}
1Tanacetum vulgare L. Common tansy	medicine (flower)	-	Big Lost River	patchy, not common	{Vogel, 367)
1Taraxacum spp. Dandelion	food (flower, leaf, stem, root) medicine (root)	+	throughout INEEL	common	{Craighead, 227; Harrington, 99; Moore 1993: 306; Vogel, 284}
1Tragopogon dubuis Scop. Yellow salsify	medicine (root) food (leaf, root) gum (milky juice)	-	throughout INEEL	common	{Craighead, 230; Harringto, 218; Moore 1993: 306}
Xanthium strumarium L. Common cocklebur	food (seed) medicine (entire plant in flower)	-	Big Lost River, sinks, spreading areas, Webb Springs	common where found	{Craighead, 235; Moore 1993: 308}
Betulaceae - Birch Family
Betula occidentalis Hook. Western water birch	medicine (leaf, bark) food (sap) whips	+ (daneeteg wais) {DG}	Birch Creek	common along creek	{Moore 1993: 293; Vogel, 266}
Boraginaceae - Borage Family
Amsinckia spp. Fiddleneck	food (leaf)	-	hills and buttes	scattered, common where found	{Fowler, 72; Steward, 21}
Lappula spp. Beggar's ticks, Stickseed	food (seed, root)	+ (sohnas)	disturbed areas throughout INEEL	common, abundant	Lemhi Shoshone ate seeds and probably root, according to Steward. {Fowler, 72; Steward, 25}
Lithospermum ruderale Dougl. Gromwell	food (seed) medicine (root)	?	buttes	common where found	Root was used among Nevada Shoshone for contraceptive purposes.  Seeds were eaten by Gosiutes.  (Craighead, 157: Steward 1938: 26; Vogel, 230}
Brassicaceae - Mustard Family
Arabis spp. Rockcress	food (seed)	-	throughout INEEL	common, abundant	{Fowler, 72}
Brassica spp. Mustard	food (leaf, seed, seed pod) medicine (leaf, seed)	-	Birch Creek, west edge of INEEL	not common	{Harrington, 62; Vogel, 328}
Capsella bursa-pastoris (L) Medic Shepherd's purse	medicine (whole herb)	-	Webb Springs, CFA	not common	{Moore 1993: 293}
Descurainia spp. Tansymustard	food (seed) medicine (seed)	+ (aza'boe s&b) (boi' s)	Disturbed areas	Common	Terms collected among Lemhi Shoshone by Steward.  [Also called "pinole" by "the Indians" (Harrington); possibly a generic and widely used term for pudding?] {Fowler, 72; Harrington, 307; Steward, 30}
Draba oligosperma Hook. Whitlow grass	food (seed)	-	foothills west of INEEL	not common	Seeds of D. nemorosa used by Northern Ute. {Fowler, 72}
Lepidium spp. Peppergrass	food (seed, green pods) medicine (herb)	-	throughout INEEL	not common to common, depends on species	{Fowler, 72; Vogel, 207}
Rorippa spp. Yellowcress	food (seed, leaf)	-	Big Lost River, sinks	not common	{Fowler, 72; Harrington, 63, 140}
Sisymbrium spp. Tumblemustard	food (seed, leaf)	-	disturbed areas throughout INEEL	common	{Fowler, 72; Harrington, 95; Vogel, 328}
Stanleya viridiflora Nutt. Prince's plume	food (seed, leaf, stem)	-	throughout INEEL	common, not abundant	{Fowler, 72}
Thlaspi arvense L. Fanweed	food (young shoot, leaf, seed?)	-	throughout INEEL	common, scattered	{Harrington, 103}
Cactaceae - Cactus Family
Opuntia polyacantha Haw. Prickly pear	food (stem, fruit)	+ (agovi, wogavi s)	throughout INEEL	common, abundant	{Craighead, 69, Fowler, 72; Harrington, 246; Hart, 39; Steward, 26}
Capparidaceae - Caper Family
Cleome lutea Hook. Yellow bee plant	food (seed, leaf, stem)	-	Big Lost River, NW Foothills	common where found	{Craighead, 69; Fowler, 72; Harrington, 72}
Caprifoliaceae - Honeysuckle Family
Sambucus cerulea Raf. Elderberry	food (fruit) manufacture (stem, twig)	+ (kunu-gip s)	Big Southern Butte	common on butte	Used for making flutes (Steward) {Craighead, 181; Fowler, 72; Harrington, 279; Moore 1993: 305; Steward, 29; Vogel, 287}
Symphoricarpos oreophilus Gray. Snowberry	medicine (fruit, plant) manufacture (bark)	? (ija hua,  tatsip s)	buttes and foothills west of INEEL	common where found	Berries, bark (for string) and whole plant used among Nevada Shoshone (Steward). {Hart, 59; Steward, 311}
Chenopodiaceae - Goosefoot Family
Atriplex spp. Saltbush, Shadscale, Spiny hopsagae, Red orache	food (seed)	? (sunu s)	throughout INEEL	Red Orache not common, other species common and abundant	Seeds of several different species used among Nevada, Utah and Wyoming groups.  Seeds of A. argentea may have been sown broadcast in north central Nevada.  Not documented among Snake River Shoshone or Bannock.  {Fowler, 72; Harrington, 60; Steward, 22, 313}
IChenopodium spp. Goosefoot, Lamb's quarter	food (seed, young plant)	+ (uap' s)	throughout INEEL	common, abundant	Seeds of various species were sown broadcast among north central Nevadan groups. {Harrington, 69, 234; Fowler, 73; Steward, 23}
Monolepis spp. Povertyweed	food (seed, root stem, leaf)	-	throughout INEEL	not common	Gruel from seeds called "pinole" (Harrington) -- generic term for pudding? {Harrington, 80}
I Salsola kali  L. Russian thistle	food (young plant)	+ (witah' nomani b)	disturbed areas throughout INEEL	common, abundant	Term means "when the wind blows it rolls" (RW, Bannock informant) {Harrington, 93; Yensen, 178}
Sarcobatus vermiculatus (Hook) Torr Black greasewood	food (seed)	-	throughout INEEL	common in saline areas	Documented use among Utah Southern Paiute {Fowler, 73}
Convolvulaceae - Morning Glory Family
IConvolvulus arvensis L. Field morning glory	medicine (root) starvation food (root)	-	roadsides	not common	{Bauer, 34; Craighead, 147; Vogel, 344}
Cornaceae - Dogwood Family
Cornus stolonifera Michx. Red-osier dogwood	food (fruit) medicine (bark, leaf, root, stem) smoking (leaves, cambium) manufacture (twigs)	+ (ah za qwe she dah  nupe b)	Webb Springs, Birch Creek	common where found	{Harrington, 354; Hart, 21; Steward, 313; Vogel, 285}
Cuppressaceae - Cypress Family
Juniperus spp. Juniper	medicine (needles) food (cones) manufacture (branches)	+ (wa'pe s&b) (nag-wihi s) {DG}	throughout INEEL	common to abundant	{Fowler, 73; Harrington, 242; Hart, 36; Moore 1993: 300; Steward, 312; Vogel, 315}
Cuscutaceae - Dodder Family
Cuscuta spp. Dodder	medicine (plant)	-	west edge of INEEL	not common	{Moore 1993: 70}
Cyperaceae - Sedge Family
Carex spp. Sedge	food (shoot, bulb, seed) manufacture (leaf, plant)	+?	Douglas' sedge throughout sagebrush areas, others only on west foothills and at Webb Springs	Douglas' sedge common, others not common	{Craighead, 8 ; Fowler, 73}
Eleocharis spp. Spike-rush	food (seed, bulb)	?	Webb Springs, sinks	common in small areas where found	Steward says the "Shoshone plant 'mahavit' may be the same" as the Eleocharis used among Owens Valley Paiute.  {Fowler, 73; Steward, 24}
Scirpus spp. Bulrush	food (seed, pollen, root, stem) manufacture (stem)	?	outflow areas from facilities	not common	{Craighead, 10; Fowler, 73; Harrington, 210; Steward, 29}
Fabaceae - Pea Family
Dalea spp. Dalea	food (seed)	-	near Big Lost River	not common	One species (not ours) with documented food use among Owens Valley Paiute. {Fowler, 73]
Glycyrrhiza lepidota Pursh. Licorice-root	medicine (root) flavoring (root)	-	Big Lost River, Birch Creek, sinks, spreading area	common	{Craighead, 98; Hart, 35; Moore 1993: 298; Vogel, 308}
Hedysarum boreale Nutt. Northern sweetvetch	flavoring (root)	-? sogobihuda' {DG}	north end of INEEL	scattered, common	Root may be used like Glycyrrhiza. {Craighead, 98}
IMedicago spp. Black medic, Alfalfa	medicine (flower)	-	Webb Springs, Birch Creek, along roads	not common	{Moore 1993: 302}
I Melilotus spp. Sweet clovers	medicine/tonic (flower, leaf)	-	roadsides	common	{Craighead, 100; Moore 1979: 152}
Thermopsis rhombifolia (Nutt.) Richardson False-lupine	medicine (flower)	-	Birch Creek	not common	Dried flowers were smoked among Plains tribes as a treatment for rheumatism. {Vogel, 197}
ITrifolium spp. Red Clover, Dutch Clover	food (seed, leaf, whole plant)	-	Birch Creek, CFA	not common	Used among Owens Valley Paiute. (Attractive forage plant for grouse, Canada geese, deer, elk, bear).  {Craighead, 100; Fowler, 74; Moore 1993: 307}
Vicia americana Muhl. American vetch	food (seed, young stem)	-	throughout INEEL	common	{Craighead, 104}
Fumariaceae - Fumitory Family
Corydalis aurea Willd. Ground smoke	medicine (entire plant)	-	Big Southern Butte	not common	{Moore 1979: 65}
Grossulariaceae - Currant / Gooseberry Family
Ribes spp. Currant, Gooseberry	food (fruit) medicine? (leaf)	+ (mo goo z'a boe b&s) (ohabogombi s) {DG}	scattered thoughout INEEL	common	{Craighead, 78; Fowler, 78; Harrington, 262; Steward, 29, 312; Vogel, 198}
Hydrophyllaceae - Waterleaf Family
Phacelia spp. Phalcelia	food (leaf)	-	scattered throughout INEEL, (P. inconspicua on Big Southern Butte)	most not common, (rare P. inconspicua on Federal Candidate List)	Grazed by elk, deer, mountain goat, grizzly. {Craighead, 152; Fowler, 74}
Juncaceae - Rush Family
Juncus spp. Rush	food (seed) manufacture (stalks)	?	Big Lost River, Webb Springs, Birch Creek	not common	Good forage.  {Craighead, 13; Fowler, 74}
Lamiaceae - Mint Family
Agastache spp. Horsemint, Giant hyssop	food (seed)	-	Big Southern Butte	not common	A. urticifolia is considered the west's most important forage plant (for animals) in the mint family. {Craighead, 159; Fowler, 74}
Mentha arvensis L.	medicine (leaf) flavoring (leaf)	+ bagwana s&b)	Big Lost River	not common	{Craighead, 13; Hart, 64; Moore 1979: 130; Steward, 26; Vogel, 323, 326}
Liliaceae - Lily Family
Allium spp. Wild onion	food (leaf, bulb) medicine flavoring (boiled juice of bulb) dye (bulb skin)	+ (kunk s) (ge'nga s) {DG}	throughout INEEL	common	{Craighead, 15; Fowler, 75; Harrington, 345; Vogel, 292}
Calochortus spp.	food (bulb, seed, plant)	+ (sigo s) (sigobi s) {DG}	throughout INEEL	common	{Craighead, 18; Fowler, 75; Harrington, 159; Steward, 221}
Fritillaria spp. Leopard lily, Yellow frillary	food (corm)	? (winigo s)	buttes	common where found	Steward recorded this term because of its similarity to the Gosiute term (winago) for F. pudica.  {Craighead, 24; Fowler, 75; Hart, 25; Steward, 25}
Smilacina stellata (L.) Desf. False solomon's seal	food (young leaf and stem) medicine (root)	?	Birch Creek, Webb Springs	not common	{Craighead, 25; Harrington, 125; Moore 1993: 131}
Loasaceae - Blazing Star Family
Mentzelia spp. Blazing star	food (seed)	?	throughout INEEL, disturbed areas	common to abundant	Seeds of related species sometimes broadcast by central Nevada Shoshone (Steward).  {Craighead, 117; Fowler, 75; Steward, 26}
Malvaceae - Mallow Family
Sphaeralcea munroana (Dougl.) Spach. White-stemmed globe-mallow	food (seed, fruit, shoot) medicine (leaf) manufacture (plant)	? (kasone veh b)	throughout INEEL	common, abundant	Related species used among southern Great Basin groups (boiled and mixed with potter's clay) (Steward).  {Craighead, 117; Fowler, 75; Steward, 26}
Nyctaginaceae - Four-o'clock Family
Abronia mellifera Dougl. Sandverbena	medicine (root?)	-	north end of INEEL	not common	Related species used among Ute for stomach and bowel troubles. {Vogel, 191}
Onagraceae - Evening-primrose Family
Epilobium spp. Fireweed, Willow-herb	food (leaf, young shoot)	+ (temahnike new b) (koso-beh s)	throughout INEEL	scattered but common	{Craighead, 120; Harrington, 74}
Oenothera spp. Evening-primrose	food (seed, leaf, young shoot, root) medicine (leaf, root)	?	throughout INEEL	common	{Craighead, 121; Fowler, 75; Harrington, 82; Moore 1993: 302; Steward, 26}
Orchidaceae - Orchid Family
Corallorhiza maculata Raf. Spotted coral-root	medicine (root)	-	Webb Springs	not common	{Craighead, 37; Moore 1993: 295}
Orobanchaceae - Broomrape Family
Orobanche spp.	medicine (plant) food (plant)	?	throughout INEEL	common	Widely used among southern Great Basin groups (Fowler).  {Fowler, 76; Moore 1979: 42}
Pinaceae - Pine Family
Pinus spp. Lodgepole pine, Limber pine	food (seed, sap) manufacture (lodgepoles) medicine (needles)	+ (wongoo' bi s = pine tree) (wanda s = lodgepole pine) (du'ba s = pinenut) (wongoo' bi zizigah nah s&b?) {RW}	Big Southern Butte	common on butte	{Fowler, 76; Harrington, 323; Hart, 52; Moore 1993: 303; Vogel, 333}
Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel.) Franco Douglas Fir	medicine (needles)	+ (peshaw kokope b) (zah kokope s) {RW}	Big Southern Butte	common on butte
Plantaginacceae - Plaintain Family
Plantago spp. Plantain, Indian wheat	medicine (plant) food (leaf, seed)	+ (babashea cah b = big leaves) {RW}	throughout INEEL	not common	{Harrington, 86; Moore 1993: 303; Vogel, 95, 100, 165}
Poaceae - Grass Family
Agrostis stolonifera L. Bentgrass	food (seed)	-	Big Lost River, Webb Springs	not common	{Fowler, 76}
Alopercurus aequalis Sobol. Shortawn foxtail	food (seed)	-	Webb Springs	not common	{Fowler, 76}
Bromus spp. Bromegrass	food (seed)	-	throughout INEEL	common	Native species used. {Fowler, 76}
I Echinochloa crusgall (L.) Beauv. Barnyard grass	food (seed)	-	around CFA and facilities	common where found	{Fowler, 76}
Elymus spp. Wheatgrass	food (seed) medicine (root)	-	throughout INEEL	common, abundant	{Fowler, 76; Harrington, 299}
Glyceria grandis Wats. American mannagrass	food (seed)	?	only G. grandis on INEEL, Big Lost River	not common	G. borealis, G. aeroides, and G. nervata mentioned in Fowler and Steward.  European mannagrass species were particularly popular in Germany and Poland where their seeds (larger than American species) were added to soups or made into gruel (Dayton).  {Fowler, 76; Dayton, 112; Steward, 25}
Hordeum jabatum L. Foxtail barley	food (seeds)	?	disturbed areas, roadsides	common	H. californicum, H. depressum and H. jabatum used among Great Basin groups. {Fowler, 76}
Leymus spp. Wildrye	food (seed) manufacture (plant)	+ (wadunzip s) (wahavi s = the seeds)	throughout INEEL	common, abundant	L. cinereus especially. {Fowler, 76; Steward, 24, 312}
Melica bulbosa Geyer Oniongrass	food (seed)	?	Big Southern Butte	not common	M. imperfecta used in the southern Great Basin (Kawaiisu). {Bauer, 48; Fowler, 76)
Oryzopsis hymenoides (R. & S.) Ricker Indian ricegrass	food (seed)	+ (wai s)	throughout INEEL	common, abundant	According to Steward 1938: this term was widely used by Shoshone and N. Paiute of the Great Basin; however, the plant was scarce along the Snake River and unknown to the Lemhi Shoshone.  It was, however, collected by N. Shoshone (Fowler).  {Harrington, 320; Fowler, 76; Dayton, 148; Steward, 26}
Panicum capillare L. Panicgrass	food (seed)	-	roadsides, CFA	not common	Southern species important food among desert Southwest and southern Great Basin peoples. {Fowler, 76}
Poa spp. Bluegrass	food (seed) medicine (spikelet)	+ (sonip s)	throughout INEEL	common, abundant	{Fowler, 76; Steward, 28}
Sitanion hystrix (Nuff.) J.G. Smith Squirreltail	food (seed)	? (waciup s)	throughout INEEL	common, abundant	Used widely among Nevada Shoshone and N. Paiute, but unknown to Lemhi Shoshone (Steward). {Fowler 1986: 76; Steward, 30}
Sporabolus cryptandrus (Torr.) Gray Dropseed	food (seed)	-	scattered over INEEL	not common	Several species used among southern Great Basin groups, and widely used by desert Southwest groups.  {Fowler, 76}
Stipa spp. Needle- and thread grass	food (seed)	- (huki s?)	throughout INEEL	common, abundant	Documented uses only in southern Nevada and California. {Fowler, 77; Steward, 30}
I Triticum aestivum L. Wheat	food (seed)	-	roadsides near agricultural areas	not common	Introduced species here, but used in southern Utah and Nevada. {Fowler, 77}
Polemoniaceae - Phlox Family
Gilia leptomeria Gray Great Basin gilia	food (seed) medicine (flower, plant)	? (ovu'ha)	throughout INEEL	common	Native term collected by Steward among N. Paiute.  One of the few members of its genus whose seeds do not become muscilagenous when wet.  Other species had medicinal uses, according to Chamberlin.  {Chamberlin, 370; Fowler, 77; Steward, 25}
Polygonaceae - Buckwheat Family
Eriogonum spp. Buckwheat	medicine (flower)	? (tawisiwup)	throughout INEEL	common	Native term collected by Steward among eastern Nevada/western Utah Shoshone.  {Craighead, 40; Fowler, 77; Moore 1993: 93; Steward, 311}
Polygonum spp. Knotweed, Doorweed	food (seed, leaf, stem, root) medicine (root)	-	throughout INEEL	common	{Craighead, 42; Fowler, 77; Harrington, 195; Moore 1993: 37; Steward, 28}
Rumes spp. Dock	food (seed, stem, leaf) medicine (leaf, root)	+? (anga [=red] bauwiya s)	throughout INEEL in wet disturbed areas	common	R. mexicanus (and other spp.) called this by various Great Basin groups including Snake River (western) Shoshone (Steward).  {Craighead, 44; Fowler, 77; Harrington, 90; Moore 1993: 305; Steward, 29, 311; Vogel, 384}
Ranunculaceae - Buttercup Family
Aquilegia formosa Fisch. Red Columbine	food (young plants)	-	Webb Springs	not common	A. formosa used among Washoe {Fowler, 78}
Clematis ligusticifolia Nutt. Virgin's bower	medicine (leaf) clothing (seed tails)	-	Big Southern Butte	not common	Leaves chewed by "American Indians" and settlers, to remedy sore throats and colds.  Feathery seed tails useful for insulation and are easily ignited.  {Craighead, 57; Moore 1993: 58}
Delphinium spp. Larkspur	medicine (seed, flower) dye (flower)	+ (dubu'hi dontsiape s) {DG}	throughout INEEL	common	{Harrington, 31; Moore 1993: 95}
Ranunculus spp. Buttercup	medicine (plant, root) food (herb)	-	throughout INEEL	common	Important forage food for Blue Grouse, ducks and Canada geese.  {Craighead, 61; Harrington, 39; Vogel, 283}
Rhamnaceae - Buckthorn Family
Ceanothus veluntinus L. Snowbrush	smoking (leaf) soap (flower) medicine (root)	-	buttes	not common	{Bauer, 79; Craighead, 112; Harrington, 112; Moore 1993: 212; Vogel, 159}
Rosaceae - Rose Family
Amelanchier spp. Serviceberry	food (fruit) manufacture (stem) medicine (stem)	+ (tuemb' s) (deambi s) {DG}	buttes	common where found	Native term collected by Steward from Snake River and Lemhi Shoshone. {Bauer, 81; Craighead, 79; Fowler, 78; Harrington, 299; Hart, 9; Steward, 21}
Cercocarpus ledifolius Nutt. Mountain mahogany	manufacture (wood)	? (tunambi s)	west foothills	not common	Native term collected by Steward from Nevada Shoshone.  {Moore 1979: 111; Steward, 312}
Geum macrophyllum Willd. Large-leaved avens	medicine (root)	-	Big Southern Butte	not common	{Craighead, 83; Moore 1993: 298; Vogel, 374}
Holodiscus dumosus (Hook.) Heller Ocean spray	food (root for tea)	? (bauwun  gop' s)	Big Southern Butte	not common	Native term collected by Steward from Shoshone of Elko, Nevada area.  {Craighead, 84; Steward, 25, 306}
Potentilla spp. Common silverweed, Cinquefoil	food (root) medicine (leaf)	-	Big Lost River, Webb Springs	not common	{Craighead, 85; Harrington, 201; Moore 1993: 303}
Prunus vifginiana L. Common chokecherry	food (fruit, leaf, bark) medicine (bark, seed, cambium, twig) manufacture (twig, branch) dye base (sap) fuel (wood)	+ (doo'nam bi s) {DG}	buttes	common where found	Native term first collected by Steward from Lemhi Shoshone.  {Craighead, 89; Fowler, 78; Harrington, 256; Hart, 42; Moore 1993: 303; Steward, 28; Vogel, 375}
Rosa woodsii Lindl. Wood's rose	food (fruit, root, flower, bud, seed) smoking (cambium) medicine (fruit, stem, root bark)	+ (tsiemb) (tsiabe s) {DG}	Big Lost River, Big Southern Butte	common, abundant	First native term collected by Steward from Lemhi Shoshone; refers to this and other species of wild rose. {Craighead, 92; Fowler, 78; Harrington, 269; Hart, 62; Moore 1993: 305; Steward, 29}
Rubus ideaus L. Red raspberry	food (fruit, young shoort, leaf, twig) medicine (fruits, leaf, root, root bark) flavoring (fruit)	+	Big Southern Butte	not common	Chamberlin documented used of R. leucodermis among Gosiute, and Steward added that they were "no doubt" used elsewhere (Steward).  {Craighead, 93; Fowler, 78; Harrington, 276; Moore 1993: 305; Steward, 29; Vogel, 343}
Rubiaceae - Madder Family
Galium spp. Bedstraw	medicine (plant) dye (root)	=	Big Southern butte, foothills	not common	Forage value for ducks, geese, and white-tailed deer (Craighead). {Craighead, 178; Moore 1993: 297; Vogel, 202}
Salicaceae - Willow Family
Populus angustifolia James Narrow-leaved cottonwood	food (cambium) fuel (upper limbs) manufacture (trunk) dyes (bud, fruits) medicine (bark)	+ (sungavi s) (seho'bi s) {DG}	Big Lost River, Birch Creek	common where found	First native term collected by Steward from central Nevada Shoshone; according to Chamberlin, the Gosiute procured sugar from this species (Steward).  {Hart, 68; Steward, 28}
Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking aspen	medicine (cambium, leaf, bud) manufacture (branch)	+ (senaa'bi s) {DG}	Big Southern Butte	common	{hart, 67; Moore 1993: 305; Vogel, 112}
Salix spp. Willow	medicine (bark, leaf, bud tips)	+ (suhuvi s) (agai [=salmon] suhu s)	throughout INEEL in moist areas	common	First native term collected by Steward as a general term for Salix.  Second term collected by Steward from Lemhi Shoshone who burned a species of Salix and applied it to sore eyes. {Clark, 51; Hart, 67; Moore 1993:305; Steward 311, 312; Vogel, 379}
Saxifragaceae - Saxifrage Family
Heuchera parvifolia Nutt. Common alumroot	medicine (root)	-	buttes and foothills	not common	Documented usage among the Flathead and Kutenai.  {Hart, 31; Moore 1993: 22; Vogel, 256}
Scrophulariaceae - Figwort Family
Castilleja spp. Paintbrush	medicine (plant) dye (flower)	- (ana [=red] kwiwi'tum and ana biomotoy mup	throughout INEEL	common	Specifically not used but named among southern Nevada and California groups, according to Steward.  {Craighead, 166; Steward, 313; Vogel, 231}
I Linaria spp. Toadflax, Butter-and-eggs	medicine (plant)	-	Birch Creek	not common	{Moore 1979: 153}
Mimulus spp. Monkey flower	food (leaf, stalk)	-	throughout INEEL	not common	Larger species (i.e. M. guttatus) eaten by Eastern Shoshone and settlers as greens. {Craighead, 170; Fowler, 78}
Penstemon spp. Penstemon	medicine (leaf)	-	throughout INEEL	common	Steward documents use among Shoshone of southern Nevada of P. palmeri.  {Craighead, 176; Moore 1993: 123; Steward, 311}
I Verbascum thapsus L. Hairy mullein	medicine (flower, leaf, root) smoking (dried leaf)	-	roadsides	not common	Introduced on the heels of Euroamerican settlers (mid 1800's).  Winter survival forage (elk, birds).  {Craighead, 177; Moore 1979: 112; Vogel, 327}
Veronica spp. Speedwell	food (herb)	-	Big Lost River	not common	{Harrington, 151}
Solanaceae - Nightshade Family
I Hysoscyanus niger L. Black henbane	medicine (herb)	-	Birch Creek	not common	Introduced intentionally as a medicinal/ornamental plant from Europe.  {Craighead, 163; Moore 1993: 299}
Nicotiana attenuata Torr. Coyote tobacco	smoking (leaf) medicine (topical tea)	+ (buhibahu s) {DG} (See Steward 1933)	Big Lost River, Webb Springs	not common	{Harrington, 360; Moore 1979: 153; Steward, 313; Vogel, 367}
Solanum spp. Bittersweet	medicine (leaf)	-	Birch Creek, spreading area, foothills	not common	Winter forage for ring-necked pheasants (Craighead).  One species (S. dulcamera) introduced intentionally by Euroamerican settlers as a medicinal/ornamental.  {Craighead, 165; Moore 1993: 72; Vogel, 328}
Typhaceae - Cattail Family
Typha latifolia L. Common cattail	food (seed, root, young stem) manufacture (leaf) medicine (seed down)	+ (to'i s)	sinks, outflow from facilities	not common	Native term collected by Steward from Lemhi Shoshone.  Seed down mixed with coyote fat and applied as salve to smallpox pustules by Sioux.  {Craighead, 1; Fowler, 79; Harrington, 220; Hart, 60; Steward, 30}
Verbenaceae - Verbena Family
Verbena braceata Lag. and Rodr. Bracted verbena	food (seeds) medicine (entire plant)	-	Big Lost River, Birch Creek, spreading area	not common	Seeds collected by Utah S. Paiute (Fowler).  {Fowler, 79; Moore 1993: 307; Vogel, 373}</